ABSTRACT
Background: Hypothyroidism is common disease with varying frequency between countries. Anemia in hypothyroidism can be normocytic normochromic, microcytic hypochromic and macrocytic hypochromic. Anemia severity is associated with hypothyroidism degree. Objective of this study to study the association between anemia and hypothyroidism and prevalence and types of anemia in primary hypothyroidism (subclinical and overt both).Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at tertiary care hospital in North India. Newly diagnosed 100 primary hypothyroid patients and 100 controls with age and sex matched evaluated for anemia. Prevalence and types of anemia were studied and severity of anemia was correlated with that of hypothyroidism.Results: Anemia was observed in 90 patients with hypothyroidism. Symptoms due to anemia were higher in cases than in controls. RBCs morphology showed normocytic normochromic in 59, microcytic hypochromic in 26 and macrocytic hypochromic in 15 cases. Serum anti-TPO positivity was present in 71.1% in cases as compared to 33.33% in controls. Anemia was severe in cases with high TSH.Conclusions: Anemia was more prevalent in cases of hypothyroidism than in euthyroid controls. Normocytic normochromic type of anemia was most common type in this study. Serum anti-TPO positivity was 71.1% in cases. There was statistically significant negative correlation between TSH and haemoglobin. Symptoms of anemia were more in hypothyroid patients than in euthyroid anemic patients.
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims:A large proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from preventable vascular angiopathies. Alteredplatelet structure and functions have been linked with these vascular complications. Hence, this study was undertaken to correlateplatelet indices and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels with glycemic control and vascular complications to assesswhether they can be used as predictive factors.Materials and Methods: A total of 56 non-diabetics (control) and 145 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Criteria of fastingblood glucose ?126 mg/dL/postprandial plasma glucose (2 h) levels >200 mg/dL/HbA1c ?6.5 were considered. The diabetic groupwas further subdivided into diabetics without (82) and with complication (63) on the basis of clinical presentation, investigation, andexamination. Platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], and platelet large cell ratio [P-LCR])were assessed on complete blood count analyzer. hs-CRP was done qualitatively and those samples which tested positive were assessedquantitatively.Observation: All the three platelet indices assessed - MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher in diabetics compared to nondiabetic group and increased with increasing HbA1c level. However, only P-LCR showed a significant difference between diabetics withand without complications (P = 0.002) and MPV showed a significant difference among all the subgroups when correlated with HbA1c(P ? 0.04). For hs-CRP, the difference in the values was significant among the diabetics with and without complications (P = 0.01).Conclusion: A continuous increase in the value of MPV, PDW, and P-LCR with decreasing glycemic control proves that in diabeticsongoing inflammation causes persistent generation of larger platelets with enhanced activity. P-LCR should be the indice of choice forpredicting the possibility of future complication as in our study, it was the only parameter which showed significant difference betweendiabetics with and without complications